The Social and Cultural Features Of Antalya
Born of and developed as a result of many civilizations over thousands of years, Antalya is an important region where almost 100 antique cities reflect mankind's magnificent past. The early civilizations, Lydians, Persians, the Hellenistic era, the Roman and Byzantine sovereignties, the Moslem Arabs, the Seljuks, Ottomans and Moslem Turks, have all left their mark. Due to this past, Antalya has a rich cultural heritage.

The family principles of the people of Antalya are those of the original Turks and Turkmen, conforming to Turkish customs whereby the father is the acknowledged head of the family. This particularly appl ies to the vi Ilage, where he is responsible for every decision affecting daily life. Village families generally have at least four children. In particular, the nomadic tribe known as the YSlijks have a fascinating life style. Their beliefs, eating and living habits, handicrafts, in short their customs and traditions have developed into a free life style.

As a result of the increase of public communication facilities, a great change has taken place in the life style of the rural areas and, with the spread of tourism in the city and county, rapid changes can be seen in the living habits and culture of the people. The number of institutions teaching languages and providing professional training has increased, and the fashions are closely followed. However, while in the city engagements and marriages are usually celebrated in salons with modern dancing and cocktail parties, in the ruralareas and among the Yoruks the old traditions prevail, some of which are explained below:

The various steps leading to a village wedding can be summarized as: asking the girl's hand in marriage; sending have begun and the place of the wedding); sending flour and salt (the groom sends foodstuffs, carpets, kilims, beds and quilts, etc. as well as one or two live fowl to the girl's home); display of the girl's dowry in a special room; the henna night (entertainment held on the eve of the wedding between the bride-tobe, female relatives and friends, when her hands and feet are tinged with henna); the bride's Turkish bath ceremony (whereby the groom hires the hamam to which the bride is taken by female relatives and friends); transporting the bridal possessions (these are picked

up from her home by the groom and taken to his in a procession); fetching the bride, and the end of the wedding celebrations.

Of the arts and crafts in Antalya, the most widespread is that of carpet weaving in the village of DoSemealti, north of Antalya. These carpets, woven in fine designs, are entirely hand made in wool and the dye is from plants and plant roots. The DoSemealti carpets are usually in deep blue and red. The unusual borders depicting camels and in camel feet motifs, are peculiar to these carpets. On the other hand there are the wooden spoons made in Bademli village in the district of Akseki. These spoons, decorated in a wide variety of motifs, are sent to other parts of Anatolia. In Alanya, small pumpkins are painted in different colours and designs and are popular as gifts.

As a general rule traditional dress is not seen in Antalya. However, on public holidays and for special occasions and processions, traditional dress which is specially kept in the family, is worn. These consist of "cepkenli" (a widesleeved jacket), heavily embroidered dresses. waistcoats. TriDoli waistaanas, emt~roiaereo LeyoeK knee breeches. At weddings ladies wear silk, pinked and hand-painted dresses, brocades and striped prints. In Alanya many men still wear the full-cut "galvar'! type trousers.

There is a narrow street in the centre of the town known by the locals as the "doner shop centre" and by foreigners as the "eating street", which is espe cially attractive at night. In th is street the sidewalk restaurants specialize in doner kebab (now well known in most European cities) and the simple tables decorated with roses or carnations are symbolic of the friendliness of the place. The plates of doner are.constantly being emptied and replenished, and everything is practical, tasty and cheap.

 

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